In Interpreting Young Adult Literature: Literary Theory in the Secondary Classroom, Moore (1997) advocates for the use of Jefferson & Roby’s (1986) Five-Question Framework for Literary Theory Exploration when analyzing texts with regard to the interplay among writer, reader, text, and world. This can be a helpful framework for any ELA teacher!


1. How does the theory define the literary qualities of the text?

  • [TEXT ONLY]

2. What relation does the theory propose between the text and the author?

  • [TEXT and AUTHOR]

3. What role does the theory ascribe to the reader?

  • [READER / ROLE OF READER]

4. How does the theory view the relationship between text and reality?

  • [TEXT and REALITY]

5. What status does the theory give to the medium of the text, and to the language of the text?

  • [MEDIUM OF TEXT and LANGUAGE OF TEXT]



Source: Jefferson, A., and Robey, D. (1986). Introduction to Modern Literary Theory: A Comparative Introduction, 2nd ed., 7-23. Totawa, NJ: Barnes and Noble.